Skip to content Skip to navigation

Article: Soft–part preservation in heteromorph ammonites from the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (OAE 2) in north–west Germany

Publication: Palaeontology
Volume: 55
Part: 6
Publication Date: November 2012
Page(s): 1307 – 1331
Author(s): Christian Klug, Wolfgang Riegraf and Jens Lehmann
Addition Information

How to Cite

KLUG, C., RIEGRAF, W., LEHMANN, J. 2012. Soft–part preservation in heteromorph ammonites from the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (OAE 2) in north–west Germany. Palaeontology, 55, 6, 1307–1331.

Online Version Hosted By

Wiley Online Library
Get Article: Wiley Online Library [Pay-to-View Access] |

References

  • ABEL, O. 1922. Lebensbilder aus der Tierwelt der Vorzeit. Fischer, Jena, 643 pp.
  • AGASSIZ, J. L. R. 1843. Recherches sur les poissons fossiles: comprenant une introduction à l’étude de ces animaux, l’anatomie comparée des systèmes organiques qui peuvent contribuer à faciliter la détermination des espèces fossiles […], Vol. 3. Petitpierre, Neuchâtel, 390 + 34 pp.
  • ALLISON, P. A. 1987. A new cephalopod with soft parts from the Upper Carboniferous Francis Creek Shale of Illinois, USA. Lethaia, 20, 117–121.
  • ALLISON, P. A. 1988. Phosphatized soft-bodied squids from the Jurassic Oxford Clay. Lethaia, 21, 403–410.
  • BANDEL, K. 1988. Operculum and buccal mass of ammonites. 653–678. In WIEDMANN, J. and KULLMANN, J. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 765 pp.
  • BANDEL, K. and LEICH, H. 1986. Jurassic Vampyromorpha (dibranchiate cephalopods). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie, Monatshefte, 1986 (3), 129–148.
  • BELYAYEV, G. M. 1959. Interesnye nachodki na dne Tichogo Okeana. Priroda, 12, 105–108. [In Russian].
  • BELYAYEV, G. M. 1962. Cephalopod beaks in oceanic deposits. Okeanologija, 2, 311–326. [In Russian].
  • BELYAYEV, G. M. 1964. Rostra of cephalopods in oceanic bottom sediments. Deep Sea Research, 11, 113–126.
  • BLAINVILLE, H. M. D. de. 18251827. Manuel de malacologie et de conchyliologie. Levrault, Paris, 647 (1825) pp; 649–664 (1827).
  • BREITKREUTZ, H., DIEDRICH, R. and METZDORF, R. 1991. Fossilfunde aus der Schwarz-Bunten Wechselfolge (Ob. Cenoman bis Unter Turon) des Ostwestfalendammes bei Bielefeld. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins für Bielefeld und Umgegend, 32, 37–48.
  • BROTZEN, F. 1942. Die Foraminiferengattung Gavelinella nov. gen. und die Systematik der Rotaliiformes. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Årsbok, 36, 1–60.
  • BUCHER, H. 1997. Caractères périodiques et modes de croissances des ammonites: comparaison avec les gastéropodes. Géobios, 20, 85–99.
  • BUCHER, H. and GUEX, J. 1990. Rythmes de croissance chez les ammonites triasiques. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 80, 191–209.
  • BUCHER, H., LANDMAN, N. H., GUEX, J. and KLOFAK, S. M. 1996. Mode and rate of growth in ammonoids. 407–461. In LANDMAN, N. H., TANABE, K. and DAVIS, R. A. (eds). Ammonoid paleobiology [Topics in Geobiology, Vol. 13]. Plenum, New York, 857 pp.
  • CECCA, F. 1997. Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous uncoiled ammonites: trophism-related evolutionary processes. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, 325, 629–634.
  • CLOSS, D. 1967. Goniatiten mit Radula und Kieferapparat in der Itararé Formation von Uruguay. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 41, 19–37.
  • CLOSS, D. and GORDON, M. Jr 1966. An Upper Paleozoic radula. Notas e Estudos, 1, 73–75.
  • CRICK, G. C. 1896. On a specimen of Coccoteuthis hastiformis, Rüppell, sp., from the Lithographic Stone, Solenhofen, Bavaria. Geological Magazine, 4 (33), 439–443.
  • DAVIS, R. A., LANDMAN, N. H., DOMMERGUES, J.-L., MARCHAND, D. and BUCHER, H. 1996. Mature modifications and dimorphism in ammonoid cephalopods. 463–539. In LANDMAN, N. H., TANABE, K. and DAVIS, R. A. (eds). Ammonoid paleobiology [Topics in Geobiology, Vol. 13]. Plenum, New York, 857 pp.
  • DE BAETS, K., KLUG, C., KORN, D. and LANDMAN, N. H. 2012. Early evolutionary trends in ammonoid embryonal development. Evolution, 66, 1788–1806.
  • DIEDRICH, C. 2001. Die Großammoniten-Kolktaphozönosen des Puzosia-Events I (Ober-Cenoman) von Halle/Westf. (NW-Deutschland). Münstersche Forschungen zur Geologie und Palontologie, 90, 1–208.
  • DIEDRICH, C. 2010. Huge accumulations of Upper Cretaceous giant ammonite shells in benthic islands of southern North Sea Basin of Central Europe. Episodes, 33, 164–172.
  • DIENER, C. 1895. Himalayan fossils, the Cephalopoda of the Muschelkalk. Palaeontologica Indica, 15 (II/2), 1–118.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A. and MIKHAILOVA, I. A. 2002. The jaw apparatus of the heteromorphic ammonite Australiceras Whitehouse, 1926 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Aptian of the Volga Region. Doklady Biological Sciences, 382, 38–40.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A. and MUTVEI, H. 1990. Radulae, aptychi and counteraptychi in Cretaceous ammonites (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Doklady Akademiia Nauk SSSR, 313, 192–195.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A. and MUTVEI, H. 1992. Radula of the Cretaceous ammonite Aconeceras (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Palaeontographica, A223, 167–177.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A., MAPES, R. H. and MUTVEI, H. 1997. Beaks and radulae of Early Carboniferous goniatites. Lethaia, 30, 305–313.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A., MAPES, R. H. and MUTVEI, H. 2003. The shell and ink sac morphology and ultrastructure of the Late Pennsylvanian cephalopod Donovaniconus and its phylogenetic significance. In WARNKE, K., KEUPP, H. and Von BOLETZKY, S. (eds). Coleoid cephalopods through time. Berliner Palobiologische Abhandlungen, 3, 61–78.
  • DOGUZHAEVA, L. A., MAPES, R. H. and MUTVEI, H. 2004. Occurrence of ink in Paleozoic and Mesozoic coleoids (Cephalopoda). Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palontologischen Institut der Universitt Hamburg, 88, 145–155.
  • EHRENBERG, C. G. 1875. Fortsetzung der mikrogeologischen Studien als Gesammt-Uebersicht der mikroskopischen Palontologie gleichartig analysirter Gebirgsarten der Erde, mit specieller Rücksicht auf den Polycystinen-Merge1 von Barbados. Königlich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften Berlin, Abhandlungen, 1875, 1–225.
  • ENGESER, T. 1988. Vampyromorpha (‘Fossile Teuthiden’). In WESTPHAL, F. (ed.). Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia, Vol. 130. Kugler, Amsterdam, 167 pp.
  • ENGESER, T. and KEUPP, H. 2002. Phylogeny of the aptychi-possessing Neoammonoidea (Aptychophora nov., Cephalopoda). Lethaia, 34, 79–96.
  • ENGESER, T. and REITNER, J. 1981. Beitrge zur Systematik von phragmokontragenden Coleoiden aus dem Untertithonium (Malm zeta, ‘Solnhofener Plattenkalk’) von Solnhofen und Eichsttt (Bayern). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Monatshefte, 1981 (9), 527–545.
  • ENGESER, T. and REITNER, J. 1986. Coleoidenreste aus der Oberkreide des Libanon im Staatlichen Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart. Stuttgarter Beitrge zur Naturkunde, B124, 1–15.
  • ERNST, G., SCHMID, F. and SEIBERTZ, E. 1983. Event-Stratigraphie im Cenoman und Turon von NW-Deutschland. Zitteliana, 10, 531–554.
  • ERNST, G., WOOD, C. J. and HILBRECHT, H. 1984. The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary problem in NW-Germany with comments on the north-south correlation to the Regensburg area. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, 33, 103–113.
  • ETCHES, S., CLARKE, J. and CALLOMON, J. 2009. Ammonite eggs and ammonitellae from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dorset, England. Lethaia, 42, 204–217.
  • ETTER, W. and TANG, C. M. 2002. Posidonia Shale: Germany’s Jurassic marine park. 265–291. In BOTTJER, D. J., ETTER, W., HAGADORN, J. W. and TANG, C. M. (eds). Exceptional fossil preservation. Columbia University Press, New York, 424 pp.
  • FATHERREE, J. W., HARRIES, P. J. and QUINN, T. M. 1998. Oxygen and carbon isotopic “dissection” of Baculites compressus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from Pierre Shale (Upper Campanian) of South Dakota: implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Palaios, 13, 376–385.
  • FISCHER, J.-C. and RIOU, B. 1982a. Le plus ancien octopode connu (Cephalopoda, Dibranchiata): Proteroctopus ribeti nov. gen., nov. sp., du Callovien de l’Ardèche (France). Comptes Rendus des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, Series 2, 295, 277–280.
  • FISCHER, J.-C. and RIOU, B. 1982b. Les teuthoïdes (Cephalopoda, Dibranchiata) du Callovien inférieur de La Voulte-sur Rhône (Ardèche, France). Annales de Paléontologie (Invertébrés), 68, 295–325.
  • FISCHER, J.-C. and RIOU, B. 2002. Vampyronasa rhodanica nov. gen. nov. sp., vampyromorphe (Cephalopoda, Coleoidea) du Callovien inférieur de la Voulte-sur-Rhône (Ardèche, France). Annales de Paléontologie, 88, 1–17.
  • FUCHS, D. 2006. Fossil erhaltungsfhige Merkmalskomplexe der Coleoidea (Cephalopoda) und ihre phylogenetische Bedeutung. Berliner Palobiologische Abhandlungen, 8, 1–165.
  • FUCHS, D. and LARSON, N. L. 2011a. Diversity, morphology and phylogeny of coleoid cephalopods from the Upper Cretaceous Plattenkalks of Lebanon – Part I: Prototeuthidina. Journal of Paleontology, 85, 234–249.
  • FUCHS, D. and LARSON, N. L. 2011b. Diversity, morphology and phylogeny of coleoid cephalopods from the Upper Cretaceous Plattenkalks of Lebanon – Part II: Teudopseina. Journal of Paleontology, 85, 815–834.
  • FUCHS, D. and WEIS, R. 2009. A new Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) coleoid (Cephalopoda) from Hâdjoula, Lebanon. Fossil Record, 12, 175–181.
  • FUCHS, D., KEUPP, H. and ENGESER, T. 2003. New records of soft parts of Muensterella scutellaris Muenster, 1842 (Coleoidea) from the Late Jurassic Plattenkalks of Eichsttt and their significance for octobrachian relationships. Berliner Palobiologische Abhandlungen, 3, 101–111.
  • GASIOROWSKI, S. M. 1962. Aptychi from the Dogger, Malm and Neocomian in the western Carpathians and their stratigraphical value. Studia Geologica Polonica, 10, 1–151.
  • GASIOROWSKI, S. M. 1968. Palaeogeographical distribution of Mesozoic rhyncholites. Bulletin de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences (Géologie, Géographie), 16, 17–20.
  • GASIOROWSKI, S. M. 1971. Distribution in facies and mode of life of cephalopods with Rhynchoteuthis in the Jurassic and Neocomian. Bulletin de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences (Science de la Terre), 19, 149–155.
  • GASIOROWSKI, S. M. 1973. Les rhyncholites. Géobios, 6, 127–196.
  • GRZEGORCZYK, D., LANSER, K.-P. and SCHÖLLMANN, L. 2006. Versteinerte Schtze Westfalens. Fossilien aus 450 Millionen Jahren Erdgeschichte. Westflisches Museum für Naturkunde, Münster, 131 pp.
  • HAAS, W. 2002. The evolutionary history of the eight-armed Coleoidea. Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Wien, 57, 341–351.
  • HAUSCHKE, N., SCHÖLLMANN, L. and KEUPP, H. 2011. Oriented attachment of a stalked cirripede on an orthoconic heteromorph ammonite – implications for the swimming position of the latter. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 202, 199–212.
  • HILBRECHT, H. 1986. On the correlation of the Upper Cenomanian and Lower Turonian of England and Germany (Boreal and N-Tethys). Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 15, 115–138.
  • HILBRECHT, H. and DAHMER, D.-D. 1994. Sediment dynamics during the Cenomanian–Turonian (Cretaceous) Oceanic Anoxic Event in northwestern Germany. Facies, 30, 63–84.
  • HISS, M., KAPLAN, U. and WILMSEN, M. 2007. Brochterbeck Formation. 34–35. In NIEBUHR, B., HISS, M., KAPLAN, U., TROGER, K. A., VOIGT, S., VOIGT, T., WIESE, F. and WILMSEN, M. (eds). Lithostratigraphie der norddeutschen Oberkreide. Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, 55, 136 pp.
  • HOLBOURN, A. E. L. and KUHNT, W. 2000. Endemic and cosmopolitan Upper Cretaceous agglutinated foraminifera of the western African margin, equatorial and central Atlantic. 127–148. In HART, M. B., KAMINSKI, M. A. and SMART, C. W. (eds). Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Agglutinated Foraminifera (Plymouth, UK, September 6–16, 1997). Grzybowski Foundation, Special Publication, 7, x + 479 pp.
  • HOUSA, V. 1969. Neocomian rhyncholites from Cuba. Journal of Paleontology, 43, 119–124.
  • HUCKRIEDE, R. 1971. Rhyncholithen-Anreicherung (Oxfordium) an der Basis des Älteren Radiolarits der Salzburger Kalkalpen. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 5, 131–147.
  • HYATT, A. 1894. Phylogeny of an acquired characteristic. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 32 (143), 349–647.
  • JÄGER, M. and FRAAYE, R. H. B. 1997. The diet of the Early Toarcian ammonite Harpoceras falciferum. Palaeontology, 40, 557–574.
  • JELETZKY, J. A. 1966. Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of fossil Coleoidea. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Mollusca, 7, 162 pp.
  • JENKYNS, H. C. 1980. Cretaceous anoxic events: from continents to oceans. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 137, 171–188.
  • KAISER, P. and VOIGT, E. 1977. Über eine als Gastropodenlaich gedeutete Eiablage in einer Schale von Pseudopecten aus dem Lias von Salzgitter. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 51, 5–11.
  • KAPLAN, U. 1992. Die Oberkreide-Aufschlüsse im Raum Lengerich/Westfalen. Geologie und Palontologie in Westfalen, 21, 7–37.
  • KAPLAN, U. and SCHMID, F. 1983. Der Großammonit Pachydesmoceras denisonianum (Stoliczka) und die Feinstratigraphie des hohen Ober-Cenoman im Hesseltal bei Halle in Westfalen (NW-Deutschland). Veröffentlichungen aus dem Naturkunde-Museum Bielefeld, 5, 5–20.
  • KAPLAN, U., KENNEDY, W. J., LEHMANN, J. and MARCINOWSKI, R. 1998. Stratigraphie und Ammonitenfauna des westflischen Cenoman. Geologie und Palontologie in Westfalen, 51, 1–236.
  • KELLER, S. 1982. Die Oberkreide der Sack-Mulde bei Alfeld (Cenoman-Unter-Coniac). Lithologie, Biostratigraphie und Inoceramen. Geologisches Jahrbuch, 64, 3–171.
  • KENNEDY, W. J., LANDMAN, N. H., COBBAN, W. A. and LARSON, N. L. 2002. Jaws and radulae in Rhaeboceras, a Late Cretaceous ammonite. Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Wien, 57, 113–132.
  • KENNEDY, W. J., JUIGNET, P. and GIRARD, J. 2003. Uppermost Cenomanian ammonites from Eure, Haute-Normandie, northwest France. Acta Geologica Polonica, 53, 1–18.
  • KENNEDY, W. J., WALASZCZYK, I. and COBBAN, W. A. 2005. The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Turonian Stage of the Cretaceous: Pueblo, Colorado, U.S.A. Episodes, 28, 93–104.
  • KEUPP, H. 2000. Ammoniten. Palobiologische Erfolgsspiralen. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen, 165 pp.
  • KEUPP, H., ENGESER, T., FUCHS, D. and HAECKEL, W. 2011. Fossile Spermatophoren von Trachyteuthis hastiformis (Cephalopoda, Coleoidea) aus dem Ober-Kimmeridgium von Painten/Bayern. Archaeopteryx, 28, 23–30.
  • KLINGER, H. and KENNEDY, W. J. 2001. Stratigraphic and geographic distribution, phylogenetic trends and general comments on the ammonite family Baculitidae Gill, 1871 (with annotated list of species referred to the family). Annals of the South African Museum, 107, 1–290.
  • KLUESSENDORF, J. and DOYLE, P. 2000. Pohlsepia mazonensis, an early ‘octopus’ from the Carboniferous of Pennsylvanian of Illinois, USA. Palaeontology, 43, 919–926.
  • KLUG, C. 2001. Constructional morphology and taphonomy of nautiloid beaks from the Middle Triassic of Southwest Germany. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 46, 43–68.
  • KLUG, C. 2004. Mature modifications, the black band, the black aperture, the black stripe, and the periostracum in cephalopods from the Upper Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic, Germany). Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palontologischen Institut der Universitt Hamburg, 88, 63–78.
  • KLUG, C. and FUCHS, D. 2010. An earliest Hettangian (Jurassic) belemnitid from Great Britain with a preserved proostracum. 181–185. In TANABE, K., SHIGETA, Y., SASAKI, T. and HIRANO, H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 314 pp.
  • KLUG, C. and JERJEN, I. 2012. The buccal apparatus with radula of a ceratitic ammonoid from the German Middle Triassic. In NEIGE, P. and ROUGET, I. (eds). 8th International Symposium. Cephalopods – present and past. Geobios, 45, 1–10.
  • KLUG, C., KORN, D., RICHTER, U. and URLICHS, M. 2004. The black layer in cephalopods from the German Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic). Palaeontology, 47, 1407–1425.
  • KLUG, C., SCHWEIGERT, G., DIETL, G. and FUCHS, D. 2005. Coleoid beaks from the Nusplingen Lithographic Limestone (Late Kimmeridgian, SW Germany). Lethaia, 38, 173–192.
  • KLUG, C., BRÜHWILER, T., KORN, D., SCHWEIGERT, G., BRAYARD, A. and TILSLEY, J. 2007a. Ammonoid shell structures of primary organic composition. Palaeontology, 50, 1463–1478.
  • KLUG, C., URLICHS, M., MONTENARI, M. and SCHULZ, H. 2007b. Soft-tissue attachment of Middle Triassic Ceratitida from Germany. 205–220. In LANDMAN, N. H., DAVIS, R. A., MANGER, W. and MAPES, R. H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Springer, New York, 481 pp.
  • KLUG, C., SCHWEIGERT, G. and DIETL, G. 2010a. A new Plesioteuthis with beak from the Kimmeridgian of Nusplingen (Germany). Ferrantia, 59, 73–77.
  • KLUG, C., SCHWEIGERT, G., DIETL, G. and FUCHS, D. 2010b. First record of a belemnite preserved with beaks, arms and ink sac from the Nusplingen Lithographic Limestone (Kimmeridgian, SW Germany). Lethaia, 43, 445–456.
  • KRÖGER, B., VINTHER, J. and FUCHS, D. 2011. Cephalopod origin and evolution: a congruent picture emerging from fossils, development and molecules. BioEssays, 8, 12 pp. DOI 10.1002/bies.201100001.
  • KRUTA, I., LANDMAN, N. H., ROUGET, I., CECCA, F. and TAFFOREAU, P. 2011. The role of ammonites in the Mesozoic marine food web revealed by jaw preservation. Science, 331, 70–72.
  • KUHNT, W., THUROW, J., WIEDMANN, J. and HERBIN, J. P. 1986. Oceanic anoxic conditions around the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary and the response of the biota. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palontologischen Institut der Universitt Hamburg, 60, 205–246.
  • KULLMANN, J. 1981. Carboniferous goniatites. 137–148. In HOUSE, M. R. and SENIOR, J. R. (eds). The Ammonoidea. Systematics Association Special Volume, 8, 593 pp.
  • LAMARCK, J. B. P. A. M. DE. 1799. Prodrome d’une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères géneriques, et l’établissement d’un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 1, 63–91.
  • LANDMAN, N. H., LARSON, N. L. and COBBAN, W. A. 2007. Jaws and radulae of baculites from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) of North America. 257–298. In LANDMAN, N. H., DAVIS, R. A. and MAPES, R. H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past: new insights and fresh perspectives. Springer, New York, 481 pp.
  • LANDMAN, N. H., MAPES, R. H. and CRUZ, C. 2010. Jaws and soft tissues in ammonoids from the Lower Carboniferous (Upper Mississippian) Bear Gulch Beds, Montana, USA. 147–153. In TANABE, K., SHIGETA, Y., SASAKI, T. and HIRANO, H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 314 pp.
  • LARSON, N. L. 2012. The Late Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) cephalopod fauna of the Coon Creek Formation at the type locality. The Journal of Paleontological Sciences, 1, 1–68.
  • LARSON, N. L., JORGENSEN, S. D., FARRAR, R. A. and LARSON, P. L. 1997. Ammonites and other cephalopods of the Pierre Seaway. Geoscience Press, Tucson, 148 pp.
  • LARSON, N. L., MORTON, R. W., LARSON, P. L. and BERGMANN, U. 2010. A new look at fossil cephalopods. 303–314. In TANABE, K., SHIGETA, Y., SASAKI, T. and HIRANO, H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 314 pp.
  • LEHMANN, J. 1999. Integrated stratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Cenomanian-Lower Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) of northern Westphalia, North Germany. Facies, 40, 25–70.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1967. Ammoniten mit Kieferapparat und Radula aus Lias-Geschieben. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 41, 38–45.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1970. Lias Anaptychen als Kieferelemente (Ammonoidea). Palontologische Zeitschrift, 44, 25–31.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1972. Aptychen als Kieferelemente der Ammoniten. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 46, 34–48.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1975. Über Nahrung und Ernhrungsweise von Ammoniten. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 49, 187–195.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1978. Über den Kieferapparat von Ammoniten der Gattung Parkinsonia. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palontologischen Institut der Universitt Hamburg, 48, 79–84.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1979. The jaws and radula of the Jurassic ammonite Dactylioceras. Palaeontology, 22, 265–271.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1981. Ammonite jaw apparatus and soft parts. In HOUSE, M. R. and SENIOR, J. R. (eds). The Ammonoidea. Systematics Association Special Volume, 18, 275–287.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1985. Zur Anatomie der Ammoniten: Tintenbeutel, Kiemen, Augen. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 59, 99–108.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1988. On the dietary habits and locomotion of fossil cephalopods. 633–640. In WIEDMANN, J. and KULLMANN, J. (eds.). Cephalopods – present and past. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 765 pp.
  • LEHMANN, U. 1990. Ammonoideen. In ERBEN, H. K., HILLMER, G. and RISTEDT, H. (eds). Haeckel-Bücherei 2. Enke, Stuttgart, 257 pp.
  • LEHMANN, U. and KULICKI, C. 1990. Double function of aptychi (Ammonoidea) as jaw elements and opercula. Lethaia, 23, 325–331.
  • LEHMANN, U. and WEITSCHAT, W. 1973. Zur Anatomie und Ökologie von Ammoniten: Funde von Kropf und Kiemen. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 47, 69–76.
  • LEHMANN, U., TANABE, K., KANIE, Y. and FUKUDA, Y. 1980. Über den Kieferapparat der Lytoceratacea (Ammonoidea). Palontologische Zeitschrift, 54, 319–329.
  • LERICHE, M. 1927. Les poissons du Crétacé marin de la Belgique et du Limburg hollandais; les résultats stratigraphiques de leur étude. Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie, de Paléontologie et d’Hydrologie, 37, 199–299.
  • LUKENEDER, A., HARZHAUSER, M., MÜLLEGGER, S. and PILLER, W. E. 2010. Ontogeny and habitat change in Mesozoic cephalopods revealed by stable isotopes (δ18O, δ13C). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 296, 103–114.
  • MAPES, R. H. 1987. Upper Paleozoic cephalopod mandibles: frequency of occurrence, modes of preservation, and paleoecological implications. Journal of Paleontology, 61, 521–538.
  • MAPES, R. H. and DAVIS, R. A. 1996. Color patterns in ammonoids. 104–127. In LANDMAN, N. H., TANABE, K. and DAVIS, R. A. (eds). Ammonoid paleobiology [Topics in Geobiology, Vol. 13]. Plenum, New York, 857 pp.
  • MAPES, R. H., WELLER, E. A. and DOGUZHAEVA, L. A. 2010. Early Carboniferous (Late Namurian) coleoid cephalopods showing a tentacle with arm hooks and an ink sac from Montana, USA. 155–170. In TANABE, K., SHIGETA, Y., SASAKI, T. and HIRANO, H. (eds). Cephalopods – present and past. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 314 pp.
  • MARCK, W. von der. 1858. Ueber einige Wirbelthiere, Kruster und Cephalopoden der Westflischen Kreide. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 10, 231–271.
  • MARCK, W. von der. 1860. Ein prachtvoll erhaltener Kehlflosser aus dem westflischen ‘Plner mit eingelagertem Grünsand’. Correspondenzblatt des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westphalens, 1860, 47.
  • MARCK, W. von der. 1862. Über Elopopsis ziegleri, einen neuen Fisch aus dem Plner von Wessum. Correspondenzblatt des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preußischen Rheinlande und Westphalens, 1862, 70.
  • MATERN, H. 1931. Oberdevonische Anaptychen in situ und über die Erhaltung von Chitin-Substanzen. Senckenbergiana, 13, 160–167.
  • MATHUR, A. C. 1977. Über Ammoniten der Kössener Schichten und den Nachweis der Tintenbeutel-Substanz Melanin. Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Bayerische Ludwigs-Maximilian-Universitt München, xiii + 114 pp. (unpubl. PhD thesis).
  • MATSUMOTO, T. 1991. The mid-Cretaceous ammonites of the family Kossmaticeratidae from Japan. Palaeontological Society of Japan, Special Papers, 33, 1–143.
  • MATSUMOTO, T., MURAMOTO, T. and INOMA, A. 1972. Two small desmoceratid ammonites from Hokkaido. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society Japan, New Series, 87, 377–394.
  • MILLER, A. K., FURNISH, W. M. and SCHINDEWOLF, O. 1957. Paleozoic Ammonoidea. 11–79. In MOORE, R. C. (ed). Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Part L, Mollusca 4. Geological Society of America, Boulder/The University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 490 pp.
  • MISEREZ, A., SCHNEBERK, T., CHENGJUN, SUN., ZOK, F. W. and WAITE, J. H. 2008. The transition from stiff to compliant materials in squid beaks. Science, 319, 1816–1819.
  • MOJSISOVICS, E. von. 18731902. Das Gebirge um Hallstatt. 1. Abtheilung. Die Cephalopoden der Hallsttter Kalke. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 1(1) (1873), 1–82; (2)(1875), 83–174; (3)(1902), 175–356.
  • MOJSISOVICS, E. von. 1882. Die Cephalopoden der mediterranen Triasprovinz. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt, 10, 1–322.
  • MÜLLER, A. 2008. Ein artikulierter Fund von Ptychodus aus dem Obercenoman von Westfalen. Geologie und Palontologie in Westfalen, 70, 55–63.
  • NIEBUHR, B., HISS, M., KAPLAN, U., TRÖGER, K.-A., VOIGT, S., VOIGT, T., WIESE, F. and WILMSEN, M. 2007. Lithostratigraphie der norddeutschen Oberkreide. Beitrag zur Stratigraphie von Deutschland im Auftrag der Deutschen Stratigraphischen Kommission. Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, 53, 1–136.
  • NIXON, M. 1988. The buccal mass of fossil and recent Cephalopoda. 103–121. In WILBUR, K. M. (ed.). The Mollusca. Volume 12: paleontology and neontology of cephalopods. Academic Press, San Diego, 355 pp.
  • NIXON, M. 1996. Morphology of the jaws and radula in ammonoids. 23–42. In LANDMAN, N. H., TANABE, K. and DAVIS, R. A. (eds). Ammonoid paleobiology [Topics in Geobiology, Vol. 13]. Plenum Press, New York, 857 pp.
  • NIXON, M. and YOUNG, J. Z. 2003. The brains and lives of cephalopods. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 392 pp.
  • OWEN, D. 1996. Interbasinal correlation of the Cenomanian stage; testing the lateral continuity of sequence boundaries. Geological Society, Special Publication, 104, 269–293.
  • PINNA, G. 1972. Rinvenimento di un raro cefalopode coleoideo nel giacimento sinemuriano di Osteno in Lombardia. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Milano, 113, 141–149.
  • REDELSTORFF, R. and ORR, P. 2010. Experimental taphonomy of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Abstracts of the 54th Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting, Ghent, 30. PalAss Newsletter, 58, 30.
  • REIN, S. 1993. Eine Platte mit Kauapparaten der germanischen Ceratiten. Veröffentlichungen des Naturhistorischen Museums Schloß Bertholdsburg Schleusingen, 7/8, 3–8.
  • REIN, S. 2000. Zur Lebensweise von Ceratites und Germanonautilus im Muschelkalkmeer. Veröffentlichungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Schloß Bertholdsburg in Schleusingen, 15, 25–40.
  • REIN, S. 2003. Die ‘Mundwerkzeuge’ der Ceratiten des Oberen Muschelkalkes – Analyse der ‘Kronacher Ceratitenplatte’. Veröffentlichungen Naturhistorisches Museum Schleusingen, 18, 17–26.
  • REITNER, J. and ENGESER, T. S. 1982a. Teuthiden aus dem Barrême der Insel Maio (Kapverdische Inseln). Palontologische Zeitschrift, 56, 209–216.
  • REITNER, J. and ENGESER, T. 1982b. Phylogenetic trends in phragmocone-bearing coleoids (Belemnomorpha). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 164, 156–162.
  • REITNER, J.ENGESER, T. S. 1982c. Zwei neue Coleoidea-Arten aus dem Posidonienschiefer (Untertoarcium) aus der Gegend von Holzmaden (Baden-Württemberg). Stuttgarter Beitrge zur Naturkunde, B84, 1–19.
  • REITNER, J. and URLICHS, M. 1983. Echte Weichteilbelemniten aus dem Untertoarcium (Posidonienschiefer) Südwestdeutschlands. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 165, 450–465.
  • RIEBER, H. 1970. Phragmoteuthis? ticinensis n. sp., ein Coleoidea-Rest aus der Grenzbitumenzone (Mittlere Trias) des Monte San Giorgio (Kt. Tessin, Schweiz). Palontologische Zeitschrift, 44, 32–40.
  • RIEGRAF, W. 1995. Radiolarien, Diatomeen, Cephalopoden und Stratigraphie im pelagischen Campanium Westfalens (Oberkreide, NW-Deutschland). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 197, 129–200.
  • RIEGRAF, W. and HAUFF, R. 1983. Belemniten mit Weichkörper, Fangarmen und Gladius aus dem Untertoarcium (Posidonienschiefer) und Unteraalenium (Opalinuston) Südwestdeutschlands. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 165, 466–483.
  • RIEGRAF, W. and SCHMITT-RIEGRAF, C. 1995. Mandibula fossiles ammonitorum et nautilorum (Rhyncholithi et rhynchoteuthes, excl. aptychi et anaptychi). 1–219. In WESTPHAL, F. (ed.). Fossilium Catalogus. I. Animalia, Vol. 134. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 219 pp.
  • RIEGRAF, W. and SCHUBERT, S. 1991. Ein besonderes Fossil. Palontologische Zeitschrift, 65, 227–229.
  • RIEGRAF, W., WERNER, G. and LÖRCHER, F. 1984. Der Posidonienschiefer. Biostratigraphie, Fauna und Fazies des südwestdeutschen Untertoarciums (Lias epsilon). Enke, Stuttgart, 195 pp.
  • RIEGRAF, W., JANSSEN, N. M. M. and SCHMITT-RIEGRAF, C. 1998. Cephalopoda dibranchiata fossiles (Coleoidea) II. 1–512. In WESTPHAL, F. (ed.). Fossilium Catalogus. I. Animalia. Vol. 135. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 512 pp.
  • ROGER, J. 1944. Acanthoteuthis (Belemnoteuthis) syriaca, n. sp. Céphalopode dibranche du Crétacé supérieur de Syrie. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 14 (5), 3–10.
  • SCHLÜTER, C. A. 1876. Cephalopoden der oberen deutschen Kreide. Palaeontographica, 24, x + 123–204, 207–263.
  • SCHÖNFELD, J., SCHIEBEL, R. and TIMM, S. 1991. The Rotplner (Upper Cenomanian to Lower Turonian) of Baddeckenstedt (north-western Germany): lithology, geochemistry, foraminifers and stratigraphic correlation. Meyniana, 43, 73–95.
  • SCHWEIGERT, G. and DIETL, G. 1999. Zur Erhaltung und Einbettung von Ammoniten im Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Oberjura, Südwestdeutschland). Stuttgarter Beitrge zur Naturkunde, B272, 1–31.
  • SEILACHER, A. 1993. Ammonite aptychi; how to transform a jaw into an operculum? American Journal of Science, 293, 20–32.
  • SEILACHER, A., ANDALIB, F., DIETL, G. and GOCHT, H. 1976. Preservational history of compressed Jurassic ammonites from southern Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palontologie Abhandlungen, 152, 307–356.
  • SEILACHER, A., REIF, W. and WESTPHAL, F. 1985. Sedimentological, ecological and temporal patterns of fossil Lagersttten. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, B311, 5–24.
  • SHUMARD, B. F. 1860. Observations upon the Cretaceous strata of Texas. Transactions of the St Louis Academy of Science, 1, 582–590.
  • SUMMESBERGER, H., JURKOVŠEK, B. and KOLAR-JURKOVŠEK, T. 1999. Rollmarks of soft parts and a possible crop content of Late Cretaceous ammonites from the Slovenian karst. 335–344. In OLÓRIZ, F. and RODRÍGUEZ-TOVAR, F. J. (eds). Advancing research on living and fossil cephalopods. Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 535 pp.
  • TANABE, K. 1983. The jaw apparatuses of Cretaceous desmoceratid ammonites. Palaeontology, 26, 677–686.
  • TANABE, K. and FUKUDA, Y. 1983. Buccal mass structure of the Cretaceous ammonite Gaudryceras. Lethaia, 16, 249–256.
  • TANABE, K. FUKUDA, Y. 1987. The jaw apparatus of the Cretaceous ammonite Reesidites. Lethaia, 20, 41–48.
  • TANABE, K. and LANDMAN, N. H. 2002. Morphological diversity of the jaws of Cretaceous Ammonoidea. Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 57, 157–165.
  • TANABE, K. and MAPES, R. H. 1998. Jaws and radula of the Carboniferous ammonoid Cravenoceras. Journal of Paleontology, 69, 703–707.
  • TANABE, K., HIRANO, H. and KANIE, Y. 1980. The jaw apparatus of Scalarites mihoensis, a Late Cretaceous ammonite. Professor Saburo Kanno Memorial Volume, 159–165.
  • TANABE, K., HIKIDA, Y. and IBA, Y. 2006. Two coleoid jaws from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Paleontology, 80, 138–145.
  • TANABE, K., TRASK, P., ROSS, R. and HIKIDA, Y. 2008. Late Cretaceous octobrachiate coleoid lower jaws from the north Pacific regions. Journal of Paleontology, 82, 398–408.
  • TANG, C. M. 2002. Oxford clay: England’s Jurassic marine park. 307–325. In BOTTJER, D. J., ETTER, W., HAGADORN, J. W. and TANG, C. M. (eds). Exceptional fossil preservation. Columbia University Press, New York, 424 pp.
  • TOZER, E. T. 1991. Relationship between spines, parabolic nodes, rhythmic shell secretion and formation of septa in some Triassic ammonoids. 23–24. In HOUSE, M. R. (ed.). The Ammonoidea: evolution and environmenal change. Academic Press, London, 593 pp.
  • TRAUTH, F. 1927. Aptychenstudien I: Über die Aptychen im Allgemeinen. Annalen des Naturhistorische Museums in Wien, 41, 171–259.
  • TRAUTH, F. 1935. Die Aptychen des Palozoikums. Jahrbuch der Preussischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, 55 (1934), 44–83.
  • VINTHER, J., BRIGGS, D. E. G., PRUM, R. O. and SARANATHAN, V. 2008. The colour of fossil feathers. Biology Letters, 4, 522–525.
  • WESTERMANN, G. E. G. 1996. Ammonoid life and habit. 607–707. In LANDMAN, N. H., TANABE, K. and DAVIS, R. A. (eds). Ammonoid paleobiology [Topics in Geobiology, Vol. 13]. Plenum, New York, 857 pp.
  • WESTERMANN, B., RUTH, P., LITZLBAUER, H. D., BECK, I., BEUERLEIN, K., SCHMIDTBERG, H., KALETA, E. F. and SCHIPP, R. 2002. The digestive tract of Nautilus pompilius (Cephalopoda, Tetrabranchiata): an X ray analytical and computational tomography study on the living animal. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 205, 1617–1624.
  • WIESE, F., WOOD, C. J. and WRAY, D. 2004. New advances in the stratigraphy and geochemistry of the German Turonian (Late Cretaceous) tephrostratigraphic framework. Acta Geologica Polonica, 54, 657–671.
  • WILBY, P. R., HUDSON, J. D., CLEMENTS, R. G. and HOLLINGWORTH, N. T. J. 2004. Taphonomy and origin of an accumulate of soft-bodied cephalopods in the Oxford Clay Formation (Jurassic, England). Palaeontology, 47, 1159–1180.
  • WIPPICH, M. G. E. 2005. Ammonoideen-Kiefer (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) aus Schwarzschiefern des Cenoman/Turon-Grenzbereichs (Oberkreide) im nördlichen Westfalen. Geologie und Palontologie in Westfalen, 65, 77–93.
  • WIPPICH, M. G. E. and LEHMANN, J. 2004. Allocrioceras from the Cenomanian (mid-Cretaceous) of the Lebanon and its bearing on the palaeobiological interpretation of heteromorphic ammonites. Palaeontology, 47, 1093–1107.
  • WRIGHT, C. W. and KENNEDY, W. J. 1981. The Ammonoidea of the Plenus Marls and the Middle Chalk. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society London, 134, 1–148.
  • ZATOŃ, M., TAYLOR, P. D. and JAGT, J. W. M. in press. Late Cretaceous gastropod egg capsules from the Netherlands preserved by bioimmuration. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2011.0150.
PalAss Go! URL: http://go.palass.org/5kj | Twitter: Share on Twitter | Facebook: Share on Facebook | Google+: Share on Google+