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Serpulites maccullochi Murchison, the earliest described species to be assigned to Salterella, is redescribed. Specimens are illustrated from thin sections from the Salterella Grit exposed on Loch Eriboll. Additional specimens are illustrated from the overlying Ghrudaidh Formation, there and at several other localities. Specimens from the Salterella Grit of Salterella maccullochi are identical to Volborthella tenuis from Estonia and that species is placed in the synonymy of Salterella maccullochi. The species is a senior synonym of S. rugosa Billings, S. expansa Poulsen, and probably S.

• Read more about Salterella (Early Cambrian; Agmata) from the Scottish Highlands

The Eocene primate Periconodon has recently been widely regarded as belonging to the family Adapidae, and several authors have synonymized it with Anchomomys, another adapid. Re-examination of the type material of Periconodon has revealed that the genus is distinct, and that its affinities lie not with Adapidae but with the otherwise exclusively North American family Omomyidae. Periconodon contains only the type species, P. helveticus; recently named new species of Periconodon are wrongly assigned.

• Read more about A reappraisal of the European Eocene primate Periconodon

Despite the common occurrence of plant compression fossils, little experimental work has been done on the processes leading to their formation and their exposure by fracture. Models of the plant (in foam rubber) and the matrix (sawdust) systems have been subjected to deformation in an apparatus constructed so that the vertical plane can be kept under observation.

• Read more about The experimental formation of plant compression fossils

The tabulate coral Palaeacis Haime, 1857 is common in North America, but in Europe only two indigenous species occur, both in Ireland. P. smythi Hudson, 1966 is distinguished from P. axinoides Smyth, 1929 by having only two corallites and a non-adherent corallum. P. sp. nov. has a conical corallum with a single corallite. These species have limited stratigraphical ranges in the Courceyan and basal Chadian stages and are useful zonal indices.

• Read more about The Carboniferous coral Palaeacis in Ireland

The morphology and systematics often coralline algae are described from the Miocene of Malta. The corallines occur in great abundance and are the principal constructors of rhodoliths and frameworks of the Coralline Algal Biostrome. The corallines are well preserved and many show previously undescribed reproductive structures. The eleven species comprise two species of Archaeolithothamnium, two of Lithothamnium, two of Mesophyllum, four of Lithophyllum, and one species of Lithoporella. Two new species of Lithophyllum (L. bahrijense and L.

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Trilobites of the family Cheiruridae are described from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden. Nineteen species (fourteen named formally, of which six are new) are assigned to seven genera (one new). The generic composition of the fauna shows affinities with East Baltic, Bohemian, British, and Canadian faunas. None of the species is known with certainty outside Gotland. The presence of six stratigraphically successive species of Deiphon is noteworthy, but no phylogenetic lineage can be established. Radiurus gen. nov. includes the type species R. phlogoideus sp. nov.

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Recent studies on Ordovician (mainly Llanvirn to Caradoc) faunas from type and classical localities in Wales and the Welsh Borderland have resulted in the publication of a wealth of data representing approximately 200,000 individual identifications from about 2,000 samples (assemblages) collected through some 10 km of strata (average sample interval 5 m). Contributing authors have named at least thirty variously defined assemblages, associations, sets, communities, and palaeocommunities which are reviewed and subjected to cluster analysis.

• Read more about A review of brachiopod dominated palaeocommunities from the type Ordovician

Six late Cambrian trilobite taxa are described from the Najerilla Formation of the Mansilla district, Sierra de la Demands, Logrono Province, northern Spain. Maladioidella colcheni sp. nov.. Langyashania felixi sp. nov., an undetermined aphelaspidine genus and species, and an undetermined genus and species probably referable to Leiostegiidae, constitute the fauna of the basal member of the Najerilla Formation; and a younger assemblage comprising an undetermined solenopleuracean genus and species resembling Lajishanaspis Chu.

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Isolated leeth of Anachronistes fordi gen. et sp. nov. are recorded from the Upper Carboniferous Limestone, Lower Carboniferous of Derbyshire, England, and Clwyd, North Wales. The teeth are assigned to the Family Anachronistidae fam. nov. of uncertain position within the neosclachiun sharks. A further unnamed tooth belonging to the genus is recorded from the Lower Permian of Nevada, U.S.A. The teeth of Anachronistes are neosclachian since they possess a conical central cusp, well-developed lateral blades and basal flange, V-shaped basal root face and hemiaulacorhize vascularization.

• Read more about Neoselachian sharks' teeth from the Lower Carboniferous of Britain and the Lower Permian of the U.S.A.

Carbonaceous cherts of the late Proterozoic (c. 700 Ma) Narssarssuk Formation, north-western Greenland, contain about twenty microfossil entities distributed in four discrete microbial associations and one allochthonous association. The associations are the preserved remnants of cyanobacterial communities that inhabited different environments within the intertidal and supratidal zones of a hypersaline embayment bordering an arid sabkha-like coast.

• Read more about Micro-organisms from the late Precambrian Narssârssuk Formation, north-western Greenland